회화가 되는 40가지 핵심 영문법

Lesson 24

* 명사의 종류 복습 *

		불특정(general, 일반적)
셀 수 있는 명사	형태가 구체적/ 종류가 여러 개	보통명사	단수	a/ an
			복수	-s/ -es 혹은 불규칙
셀 수 없는 명사	추상적 개념	추상명사		X
	음식물	물질명사

* 불특정의 a/an과 특정의 the *

	불특정(general, 일반적 개념)			특정(지정)
셀 수 있는 명사	보통명사	단수	a/ an	the 소유격 this/ that
		복수	-s/ es
셀 수 없는 명사	추상명사		X
	물질명사

1.a/ an

1) 셀 수 있는 명사가 나올 때

I’m a student.        Can I ask a question?        Do you have a girlfriend?

2) 일반적인 이야기를 할 때 셀 수 있는 명사는 복수, 셀 수 없는 명사는 단독.

I like apples.       Women like jewelry.        Children like computer games.

Milk is good for you.       Ice cream is nice in the summer.

I play soccer.                I play a soccer game.

I like listening to music.       I like listening to a song/songs.

2.the- 한 번 언급된 명사를 다시 얘기할 때

1) 특정, 지정의 의미

A: Can I ask a question?               B: Sure, what’s the question?

I have a car and the car is nice.        I met a man. He/The man was …

I like milk. I put the milk in the fridge.

2)듣는 사람, 말하는 사람 둘 다 아는 경우

*the window/ the floor/ the wall/ the door/ the ceiling/ the light

Can you open the window?      Close the door, please.

*the kitchen/ the bathroom/ the bedroom/ the living room/

the front hall/ the lobby

I’m in the bathroom.    It’s in the kitchen.      Where is the bathroom?

*the movies/ the station/ the hospital/ the airport/ the bank/ the bus stop

the post office/ the police station

I went to the movies yesterday.          I’m at the bank.

3)세상에 하나밖에 없을 때

the sun/ the moon/ the sea/ the ocean

The sun is shining.      The moon is bright tonight.    I want to see the sea.

4)관용표현

In the morning In the afternoon In the evening	in the beginning in the middle at the end	in the present in the past in the past	in the spring in the summer in the fall in the winter

I get up early in the morning.              It’s the beginning of the month.

I’ll probably get married in the future.      It’s hot in the summer.

5)서수, 최상급 앞에서

Love is the greatest thing.    We’re on the 5th floor.

We live in the 21st century.

6)나중에 만들어 낸 기계, 발명품 앞에서

I play the piano.            I listen to the radio.           Turn off the TV.

[cf.] I play soccer.     I listen to music.       I watch TV. (방송의 개념)

7)여러주, 섬이 모여 만들어진 지명 앞에서

I’m going to the USA.      the Rocky Mountains     I went to the Philippines.

3. a/an이나 the를 쓰지 않는 경우

1)음식명 앞에

I have breakfast.

2) 장소에 관련된 명사가 본래 목적으로 쓰일 때

school/ work/ church/ prison/ bed

I go to school / work/ church/ prison/ bed.

I am at school/ work/ church.         in prison/ bed

I go to work at 8 a.m.        He is at school.            She is in bed.

[cf.] at the movies/ the movie theater/ the bank/ the post office

3)교통수단 앞에서

by bus/by subway/ by car/ by train/ by airplane/ by taxi

I go to school by subway. I come here by bus.

I went there by taxi. I go to school by bus.

I take a bus to school.