회화가 되는 40가지 핵심 영문법

Lesson 25

* 명사 복습 *

Banks close at 4:30 p.m.	I’m at the bank.	Is there a bank in this neighborhood?
A : You don’t drink milk. But you know, milk is good for you. So, I bought some for you.		B: Where is the milk? I’ll drink it. The milk is in the fridge.

* 수량어 *

수량어	의미	셀 수 있는 명사(수)	셀 수 없는 명사(양)
one	하나	one book	X
two, both	둘, 둘 다	two books/ bothbooks
a couple fo	한쌍의	a couple of books
three, four…	셋, 넷…	three books
a few	약간 있는(2-3개)	a few books
few	거의 없는	few books
several	대여섯개의	several books
many	많은	many books
a little	약간 있는	X	a little water
little	거의 없는		little water
much	많은		much water(부정문에만)
not any/ no	하나도 없는	not any books/ no books	not any water/ no water
some	약간의	some books	some water
a lot of	많은	a lot of books	a lot of water
all	모든	all books	all water
most	대부분의	most books	most water

1. a few/ a little 약간 있는   few/ little 거의 없는

I have a few books.     책이 몇권 있어요.

I have few books.       책이 거의 없어요

I have a little money.    돈이 약간 있어요.

I have little money.      돈의 거의 없어요.

I’m a student.        Can I ask a question?        Do you have a girlfriend?

2. many/ much/ a lot of 많은

many + 셀 수 있는 명사	I drink a lot of coffee.
much + 셀 수 없는 명사 (부정문에만)	I don’t have much money.
a lot of + 셀 수 있는 명사 or 셀 수 없는 명사	Do you have a lot of money?

I drink much coffee. (X)-> I drink a lot of coffee.

I have much money. (X)-> I have a lot of money.

Do you watch a lot of TV?

Do you watch TV a lot?

I don’t drink coffee a lot./ much/ often

* a lot은 문장 끝에 쓰이며 often의 의미를 갖는다.

3. some (긍정문)            셀 수 있는 명사 복수, 셀 수 없는 명사 단수

any (부정문, 의문문)

*some/ any 는 a few/ a little 보다 좀 더 큰 개념

I have some books. money.	I don’t have any books. money.	Do you have any books? money?

1) some과 any가 단독으로 쓰일 수 있다.

You don’t have any money? I have some.(=some money)

Do you have any pens? I don’t have any. (=any pens)

2)권유, 부탁을 할 때는 의문문이어도 some을 쓴다

Would you like some coffee?	Can you lend me some money?

[cf.] none = zero

A: How many boys are there in this class?

B: None.

[There is/ There are - ~가 있다]

There is/ was + 셀 수 있는 단수 명사/ 셀 수 없는 명사

There are/ were + 셀 수 있는 복수 명사

1.긍정문/ 부정문- 부정문은 긍정문의 be동사 뒤에 not을 붙인다.

	셀 수 있는 명사	셀 수 없는 명사
현재시제	There is a book in my bag. There isn’t a book in my bag.	There is[some]water in the bottle. There isn’t [any] water in the bottle.
과거시제	There was a school near here. There were two schools in this neighborhood.	There was some water in the bottle.

2.의문문- 주어와 be동사의 위치를 바꾼다.

	셀 수 있는 명사	셀 수 없는 명사
현재시제	Is there a bookstore in this neighborhood? Are there any chairs in this room?	Is there any water in the bottle?
과거시제	Were there many people at the party?	Was there a lot of food at the party?

3. 몇 개인지, 얼마나 있는지 물을 때

셀 수 있는 명사	셀 수 없는 명사
There are two books in my bag. How many books are there in your bag?	There is some water in the bottle. How much water is there in the bottle?